What is the five-axis machining center? Uncover the mystery of the five-axis machining center

The CNC technology of the machining center is becoming more and more mature. In recent years, the five-axis CNC machining center has been widely used in various fields. In practical applications, whenever people encounter high-efficiency, high-quality machining problems with complex and complex parts, they always think of five-axis or even multi-axis linkage technology to solve. More and more manufacturers are tempted to find five-axis equipment to meet high efficiency and high quality processing. But are you really understanding five-axis machining? Take the Chenghai Xiaobian to take you into the five-axis machining center and unveil its mystery. What is five-axis machining? To really understand the five-axis machining, the first thing we have to do is to understand what a five-axis machining center is. Axis (5 Axis Machining), as the name implies, refers to X, Y, Z, together with three two-axis linear common axis of rotation. The two rotating shafts of the three axes A, B and C have different motion modes to meet the technical requirements of various products. In the mechanical design of the 5-axis machining center, machine tool builders are constantly working to develop new sports modes to meet various requirements. Integrating all kinds of five-axis machine tools on the market today, although the mechanical structure is various, there are mainly the following forms: Two rotation coordinates directly control the direction of the tool axis (double swing head form) The two axes are at the top of the tool, However, the axis of rotation is not perpendicular to the linear axis (pivoting type) Two rotation coordinates directly control the rotation of the space (double turntable form) The two axes are on the workbench, However, the axis of rotation is not perpendicular to the linear axis (draft type bench) Two rotation coordinates act on the tool, One acting on the workpiece (one swing and one turn) I have seen these five-axis machine tools, I believe we should understand what the five-axis machine is moving and how to move. However, what kind of characteristics can such a machine tool structure show during processing? What are the advantages compared to traditional three-axis machines? Let’s take a look at the luminous points of the five-axis machine. Five-axis machine features Speaking of the characteristics of the five-axis machine tool, it is necessary to compare with the traditional three-axis equipment. Three-axis machining equipment is relatively common in production, including vertical, horizontal and gantry. Common machining methods include end mill edge machining and side edge machining. The contouring of the ball head knife and so on. But no matter which form and method has a common feature, the direction of the tool axis remains constant during the machining process. The machine tool can only realize the rectangular coordinate of the tool in space by interpolation of three linear axes of X, Y and Z. The movement in the system. Therefore, in the face of the following products, the disadvantages of low efficiency, poor surface quality and even inability to process the three-axis machine are exposed. Compared with the three-axis CNC machining equipment, the five-link CNC machine has the following advantages: 1. Maintain the optimal cutting state of the tool and improve the cutting conditions As shown above, in the three-axis cutting mode on the left, when the cutting tool moves toward the tip or the edge of the workpiece, the cutting state gradually deteriorates. To maintain optimum cutting conditions here, you need to rotate the table. And if we want to completely machine an irregular plane, we must rotate the table multiple times in different directions. It can be seen that the five-axis machine can also avoid the situation that the ball end mill center point line speed is 0, and obtain better surface quality. 2. Effectively avoid tool interference As shown above, for the components such as impellers, blades and integral blade discs used in the aerospace industry, the three-axis equipment cannot meet the process requirements due to interference. A five-axis machine can be satisfied. At the same time, the five-axis machine can also use shorter tools for machining, increase the rigidity of the system, reduce the number of tools, and avoid the generation of special tools. For our business owners, it means that the cost of the tool, the five-axis machine will save you money! 3. Reduce the number of clamping times, complete the five-sided processing in one setup As can be seen from the above figure, the five-axis machining center can also reduce the reference conversion and improve the machining accuracy. In the actual processing, only one clamping is required, and the machining accuracy is more easily guaranteed. At the same time, due to the shortening of the process chain and the reduction of the number of equipment, the five-axis machining center also reduces the number of fixtures, workshop floor space and equipment maintenance costs. This means you can achieve more efficient and higher quality machining with fewer fixtures, less plant space and maintenance costs! 4. Improve processing quality and efficiency As shown in the figure, the five-axis machine tool can be cut by the tool side edge, which is more efficient. 5. Shorten the production process chain and simplify production management The complete machining of the five-axis CNC machine tool greatly shortens the production process chain and simplifies production management and scheduling. The more complex the workpiece, the more obvious its advantages over the traditional process-dispersed production methods. 6. Shorten new product development cycle For aerospace, automotive and other companies, some new product parts and forming molds are complex in shape and high in precision. Therefore, a five-axis CNC machining center with high flexibility, high precision, high integration and complete processing capability can be used. It is a good solution to the accuracy and cycle problems of complex parts processing in the process of new product development, greatly shortening the development cycle and improving the success rate of new products. In summary, the five-axis machine tool has too many advantages, but the five-axis machine tool attitude control, CNC system, CAM programming and post-processing are more complicated than the three-axis machine tool!